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Chile
 

Chile: Historical Dates

 

1541 Pedro de Valdivia and Spanish adventurers from Peru founded Santiago. The Araucanians fiercely resisted Spanish colonization.
1818 Chilean and Argentine forces under General Bernardo O'Higgins defeated the Spanish and secured Chile's independence. O'Higgins was named Chile's director general.
1833 A new constitution provided Chile with a strong central government but sharply restricted voting rights.
1849 Punta Arenas was founded to reinforce Chilean territorial claims in Tierra del Fuego.
1879 Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia in the War of the Pacific, gaining the cities of Arica and Iquique in the mineral-rich Atacama Desert.
1891 Following a brief but violent civil war, the National Congress restricted the president's authority and extended its own powers.
1925 A new constitution strengthened individual rights and loosened voting requirements.
1960 Chile was wracked by a series of earthquakes and tidal waves. Thousands of people were killed and damage was widespread.
1970 Salvador Allende Gossens became the first Marxist democratically elected to head an American nation.
1973 Military forces led by General Augusto Pinochet Ugarte overthrew the Allende government.
1980 A new constitution provided for a gradual return to democracy. Meanwhile, the military government continued to restrict the rights of its opponents.
1990 Patricio Aylwin Azócar was elected president, becoming the country's first elected president since 1973. Pinochet remained head of the armed forces.
1994 Chile became the first South American country invited to join the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
2000 Ricardo Lagos Escobar became the first Socialist elected president since Salvador Allende was overthrown.
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